CÂU GIÁN TIẾP

Hôm nay chúng ta cùng nhìn lại một dạng câu vô cùng quen thuộc là Câu gián tiếp nhé! Đây cũng là một phần kiến thức quan trọng mà các bạn học sinh cần phải nắm vững để tự tin đi thi đó nha!

Câu gián tiếp/ câu tường thuật (Reported speech) dùng để tường thuật lại một câu nói trực tiếp (Direct speech).

Những thay đổi trong câu gián tiếp

  • Bỏ dấu ngoặc kép từ câu trực tiếp.
  • Đại từ, tính từ/ đại từ sở hữu: thay đổi các đại từ, tính từ/ đại từ sở hữu cho phù hợp với tình huống.
  • Thời gian và nơi chốn:
    Trực tiếp Gián tiếp
    today that day
    tonight that night
    this morning/ evening that morning/ evening
    now then
    tomorrow the next day / the following day
    yesterday the day before / the previous day
    next (week) the next (week) / the following (week)
    last (week) the (week) before / the previous (week)
    (three days) ago (three days) before
    this / these that / those
    here there
  • Thì (lùi thì):
Direct Reported
Present simple

“I do it,” he said.

Past simple

He said he did it.

Past simple

“I did it,” he said.

Past perfect

He said he had done it.

Present perfect

“I have done it,” he said.

Past perfect

He said he had done it.

Present progressive

“I am doing it,” he said.

Past progressive

He said he was doing it.

Past progressive

“I was doing it,” he said.

Past perfect progressive

He said he had been doing it.

Present perfect progressive

“I have been doing it,” he said.

Past perfect progressive

He said he had been doing it.

Past perfect

“I had done it,” he said

Past perfect

He said he had done it.

Past perfect progressive

“I had been doing it,” he said.

Past perfect progressive

He said he had been doing it.

Modals: will/can/may

“I will/can/may do it,” he said.

Past modals: would/could/might

He said he would/could/might do it.

Ex: “I’ll call you tomorrow,” Emma said.

      ⇒ Emma said that she would call me the next day/ the following day.

  • CHÚ Ý:
    • Những modal verbs không thay đổi: “must”, “should”, “ought to”, “needn’t”, “would”, “could”, “might”.
    • Có thể dùng “had tothay chomust”.
    • Câu điều kiện:
      • Loại 1: đổi sang thì quá khứ.
      • Loại 2: có thể giữ nguyên hoặc đổi sang thì quá khứ hoàn thành.
      • Loại 3: không thay đổi.
    • Không lùi thì khi câu phán ánh một sự thật hiển nhiên/ khi thì hiện tại đơn đi kèm thời gian cụ thể/ câu giả định.

 

Các loại câu gián tiếp

Câu mệnh lệnh, đề nghị

ask/tell + object + (not) + to-infinitive

Ex: “Can you please help me with my homework?”, Helen said.

       ⇒ Helen asked me to help her with her homework.

Câu trần thuật

say + (to object) + (that) + S + V

tell + object + (that) + S + V

Ex: “Today is a beautiful day”, Harry said.

       ⇒ Harry said that day was a beautiful day.

Câu hỏi

ask + object + wh-word + S + V

Ex: “What’s your name”, she said.

       ⇒ She asked me what my name was.

ask + (object) + if/whether + S + V

Ex: “Do you live in Hanoi?”, he asked.

       ⇒ He asked whether I lived in Hanoi.

Thật đơn giản đúng không nào? Chúng ta cùng làm một số bài tập để củng cố kiến thức nhé!

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Câu gián tiếp

Điền các thông tin sau để bắt đầu làm bài

1 / 20

He said to us, “Come here tomorrow”.

2 / 20

“Don’t eat too much ice-cream,” said Nick’s mother to him.

3 / 20

“Please don’t mention it to anybody, ” Mary said to her friend.

4 / 20

“Don’t worry over such a small thing,” she said to me.

5 / 20

Sarah said, “I read Jane Eyre last year.”

6 / 20

“Bring me a cup of black coffee,” she said to the waiter.

7 / 20

Peter said to them: “Don’t leave the room until I come back.”

8 / 20

“Explain to me how to solve this problem,” said my friend to me.

9 / 20

The woman said to her son, “I am glad I am here.”

10 / 20

“I can’t explain this rule to you,” said my classmate to me.

11 / 20

The scientist said the earth ______ the sun.

12 / 20

Julia said that she _______ there at noon.

13 / 20

The woman asked _____ get lunch at school.

14 / 20

They asked me _______ in London then.

15 / 20

Tom said that he ______with a friend at 9 o’clock the night before.

16 / 20

They said they had come back _______.

17 / 20

My parents reminded me ____ the flowers.

18 / 20

She warned me ____ late-night horror films.

19 / 20

Bill asked Tom ______ in London.

20 / 20

I wondered _______ the right thing.

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